As a seasoned hunter and outdoor writer with over a decade of experience, I’ve spent countless hours in the field and researching the nuances of shotgun performance. One of the most critical components for consistent turkey harvests is the turkey choke. Choosing the right turkey choke can dramatically improve your pattern density and effective range, turning a missed opportunity into a successful hunt. This guide will delve into the world of turkey chokes, covering everything from understanding turkey choke diameter and constriction to recommending the best turkey choke for Winchester SXPs, Remington 870s, Mossberg 500s, and other popular shotguns. We’ll also explore options for specialized loads like Hevi-Shot and TSS (Tungsten Super Shot).
Unlike waterfowl or upland game chokes, turkey chokes are designed to constrict the shot pattern much tighter, delivering a denser, more lethal payload at longer ranges. This is crucial because turkeys have small head/neck targets and can often be taken at distances exceeding 40 yards. But what exactly is a turkey choke, and how does it work?
According to the National Park Service, safe hunting practices, including proper shotgun maintenance and choke selection, are paramount. A poorly fitted or damaged choke can be dangerous.
Before heading to the woods, it’s absolutely essential to pattern your shotgun with the chosen turkey choke and ammunition. This involves shooting at a target at various distances (20, 30, 40, and 50 yards) to see how the shot pattern performs. The goal is to achieve a consistent, dense pattern with a high percentage of pellets within a 10-inch circle at your desired maximum range. REI Expert Advice provides a detailed guide on shotgun patterning.
Finding the best turkey choke depends heavily on your shotgun model and the type of ammunition you plan to use. Here’s a breakdown of recommendations for some popular shotguns:
For the Winchester SXP and SX3, several excellent options exist. The Winchester turkey chokes themselves are a solid choice, particularly the Long Beard XR. However, many hunters swear by aftermarket options like the Carlson’s TSS choke or the Indian Creek choke tube. If you're looking for the best turkey choke for Winchester SXP, consider the Rob Roberts Raptor turkey choke for its consistent performance.
The Remington 870 is a classic, and thankfully, a wide range of Remington 870 turkey chokes are available. The Remington Super Full turkey choke is a reliable option, but for tighter patterns with TSS, the Carlson’s Heavyweight TSS choke is highly recommended. For a Remington 870 20 gauge turkey choke, Jebs Headhunter is a popular choice.
The Mossberg 500 is known for its versatility. A Mossberg turkey choke is a good starting point, but upgrading to a specialized choke can significantly improve performance. The Primos Tight Wad is a popular and affordable option. For the Mossberg 935 turkey choke, consider the Patternmaster Code Black turkey choke for its gas-port compatibility and excellent patterning. The Mossberg 20 gauge turkey choke market has many options, with the Jebs Headhunter 20 gauge being a standout.
Benelli and Beretta shotguns often require chokes with specific thread patterns (Benelli Mobil, Beretta OptimaPlus). The Benelli Mobil turkey choke and Beretta A300 turkey choke options from both manufacturers are reliable. For TSS loads, consider a dedicated TSS choke like the Primos TSS choke or a Carlson TSS choke designed for your shotgun’s thread pattern.
Modern turkey ammunition, particularly Tungsten Super Shot (TSS), requires specialized chokes to maximize its potential. TSS pellets are significantly denser than lead, allowing for tighter patterns and longer ranges. However, they also put more stress on the choke tube.
When using TSS, it’s crucial to use a choke specifically designed for it. Chokes like the Carlson’s TSS choke, Indian Creek choke tubes, and Primos Jelly Head TSS are engineered to handle the increased pressures and deliver optimal patterns. The Jelly Head choke tubes are known for their ability to produce incredibly tight patterns with TSS.
While TSS is currently the gold standard, Hevi-Shot is another dense, non-toxic option. A Hevi Shot turkey choke, often a tighter constriction choke, will help maximize the performance of Hevi-Shot loads.
Understanding turkey choke diameter and constriction is key to making an informed decision. Here’s a general guide:
| Choke Type | Constriction (inches) | Diameter (inches) |
|---|---|---|
| Modified | 0.015 | 0.719 |
| Full | 0.025 | 0.695 |
| Extra Full | 0.035 | 0.685 |
| Turkey | 0.045 - 0.060 | 0.650 - 0.675 |
A tighter constriction (smaller diameter) generally produces a tighter pattern, but it also increases recoil and can potentially damage the choke if used with improper ammunition. The Leave No Trace principles remind us to practice responsible shooting and retrieve all spent shells.
While the best choke for turkey hunting is crucial, it’s not the only factor. Other important considerations include:
Selecting the right turkey choke is a critical step in preparing for a successful turkey hunt. Consider your shotgun model, the type of ammunition you plan to use, and your preferred hunting range. Don’t forget to pattern your shotgun thoroughly to ensure optimal performance. By investing in a quality choke and taking the time to practice, you’ll significantly increase your chances of bringing home a trophy gobbler. Remember to always prioritize safety and ethical hunting practices. For more information on turkey hunting regulations, consult your state’s wildlife agency and the USDA Forest Service for hunting access information on national forests.